Hip+Hop


 * Hip-hop is an art movement that emerged in EE.UU in the late 1960s in neighborhoods as Bronx, Queens and Brooklyn. **

Hip hop is composed of four elements: ** -Beatbox-(By Nacho Ramos) **
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 * -Break Dance--(By Alejandro Minuesa) **
 * -Rap(By Fabrizio Urdaneta) **
 * -Graffiti(By Victor Hugo Mesa) **


 * There are many items listed, but these are the main ones. **

 The beatbox is one of the elements of hip hop culture. The beat boxing is the ability to imitate sounds with your mouth (mainly instruments and drum machines). Its name derives from the first generation of drum machines, more commonly called "Beat Boxes".

This element emerged in the '80s. Originally it was a street style, typical of the old school, it is said that in the slums of New York people had not radio-cassete, since besides being expensive, they were heavy, therefore,"beat box"emerged as an alternative, a skill that allowed to have a base anywhere and anytime.

**There are several subgenres: ** 
 * Freestyle**: improvisation.
 * Covers**:  Versions of familiar themes.
 * Scratch** : is dedicated specifically to vocal scratch. Emulates the famous "ziggazigga" which produces a vinyl to be moved forwards and backwards.

Beat box became known worldwide through 3 main characters: Darren 'Buffy' Robinson, Doug E Fresh and Biz Mackie

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At the beginning of twenty-first century, we find: American Rahzel (also known as "The godfather of noise"), Killa Kela, Roxorloops, Eklips and Kenny Muhammad, as some of the great professional and internationally recognized figures in the scene.



**__//VIDEOS BEATBOX:// __**  **//<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">TUTORIALS BEATBOX: //<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;"> ** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; text-decoration: none;"> []
 * __http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gV_X17iP0AQ__**
 * __http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jLN63bRcY5I&feature=related__**
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Break Dance <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">is a urban dance that is part of the Hip Hop culture. It emerged in the African American and Latin-American neighborhoods in  <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">New York, the Bronx, Brooklyn in the 1970s. It started <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> as a method of rival gangs of the ghetto to solve conflicts over territory. The winning side showed more skill and managed to defeat the opponent. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Break Dance (bboying) is a dance that combines a series of aerobic exercise, rhythm influenced by aboriginal dances, martial arts, gymnastics, salsa, and funk.

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Breakdancing is basically composed by:

**Top Rocking:** All dancing is performed standing. It is the first thing you dance, and is generally used in battle to break open and form the circle of people who watch the battle so to capture their attention for a few seconds before starting the Foot works. The Top rocks are basic, and require a good musical ear and sense of rhythm to match steps with the rhythm of the song playing. They are often supplemented with arm movements as we see in the image, to give a greater sense of rhythm...

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">**Footwork:** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">consists basically of the steps that are performed on the floor as the //six step//.


 * Freezes:** Is the movements in which the B-Boy are stationary (frozen) some seconds.


 * Powermove:** All powerful movements, which is rotated or make transitions apparently more "powerful and energetic" overhead.

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">**-Air twist:** It's basically using your arms turn to balance the body from one place to another in the form of a circle, feet should not touch the ground. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Different movements: **
 * -** **Windmill:** Spanish Molino is the movement in which a b-boy tour with his body stuck to the floor and your legs without touching it.


 * -E** **scorpio:** put your head down and legs up like a scorpion.

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * -** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">**Fly flash:** sideways somersault.

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * -** **Baby Freeze:** movement performed his head resting on the ground and keeping the body with one hand on the side and using the other to maintain balance in this that is free is to support the knee.
 * -Six step:** the variety of Footwork is a series of steps that are performed on the floor (can be found in movements such steps three steps five and seven steps or 12 steps babylove among others).


 * -Handstand:** popularly known as the pine is to support the hands on the floor, lift your legs and keep them in the air remaining in an upright posture. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * -** **HandHop:** Performed with a hand on the floor and jump with this, the other hand should be open and feet together, opening and closing.
 * -Flare:** is to support the hands on the ground and rotate your torso with your legs without touching the ground is known as stand in the Olympic discipline.


 * -1990:** It consists of spinning about yourself leaning on one hand and balancing with his feet.


 * -2000:** It has the same mechanism as the 1990 but in this case the support is performed on both hands. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * -** **Halos**: On your head turn to while you draw a circle on the floor. The headrest is made on one side of this while the arms are used to create momentum.
 * -Munchmill (mill shrunk):** It consists in turning the body on the floor without the legs touching it (the same mechanism of the windmill) with a variation, the legs are curled and crusades. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">**-More moves:** turtle, crickets, backspin, headspin, invert, hollowback...

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The battles are a showdown between two Bboys Crews in circle where one by one dances //routine//. In a Crew battle, choreographed routines can be performed. The winners are often those that have proved more style, rhythm, emotion, empathy, originality, knowledge and many other values. There is always a jury that decides who is the winner bboy. (Iop) <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">The battle can be can be one boy against another one example:  []
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Battles: **

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> There are new styles within breakdance (bboying), here are some: **popping,** **locking**, **C-walk**, **Crump** and **Uprock** (known as "Rocking"), among other styles that have not yet been fully defined. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> **<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[|http://www.youtube.com/watc] ****<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[|h?v=JKQ83Bo9g3s] ** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> [] <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Styles: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Videos: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Break Dance: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Popping: **<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Locking: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">C-walk: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">Crump: **
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: Arial;">[] **





<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Rap is a type of rhythmic recitation of rhymes, puns and poetry. It emerged in the mid-twentieth century among the black community in the United States. It is one of the four pillars of hip hop culture, hence it is often called metonymically (and inaccurately) hip hop. Although it can be interpreted "a capella", rap is usually accompanied by a rhythmic background music known as the English voice beat. The performers are the MC rap, English acronym of "master of ceremonies." <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> Subgenres ** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">All in all, there are 20 rap subgenres: <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">Abstract, Acid, Alternative, Chopped and screwed, Christian, Conscious, Crunk, Gangsta, G-funk, Hard-core horror core, Hyphy, Instrumental, Jazz rap Latin rap Mobb, Nerd core, Old school and Pop rap Snap. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Mergers ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
 * <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> There are 14 mergers: <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">Country rap, Electro hop, Freestyle, Hip House, Hip Life, Ghettotech, Hip hop soul, Miami bass, Neo Soul, New Jack Swing, Ragga, Rap and Urban core Pacifica. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">

<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The word "RAP" **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The polysemic word "rap" is used in British English during the eighteenth century as a synonym of the verb "say". In the mid-twentieth century it began to be used as the equivalent of "talk" in the dialect of English, spoken by American blacks and later, it was used to describe the musical style. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Sometimes it is also proposed as an alternative etymology, an acronym for rhythm and poetry, short and quick.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Features ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Rap beat is usually 4/4. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">At its heart rhythm, rap lyrics, instead of a bar of 4 / 4 (as in other musical styles, where the song keeps the beat), is based on a count of 3, similar to a "swing" found in the blows of jazz. However, rap has taken this concept a step further. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">While the rhythm of jazz involves three eighths notes (a triple) for blow, rap is double: 6 / 16 (a "double trio") per hit. As the emphasis is more often played (or made up) in a relaxed way. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">

** flow ** <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The word flow is used to refer to the rhythms created by words and syllables over the beat, and the interaction of rhyme scheme or pattern of the background rhythm. It is sometimes considered part of the flow nuances such as pitch, timbre and volume.




 * Videos:**

[] [] [] [] [] [|**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtwJvgPJ9xw**] []


 * Rap in Spain:**

The rap in Spain began in the late 80's. <span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%;">At that time the first rap LP's were published in Spain. In the early 90's the style consolidated a bit more in our country with the emergence of the group: **"El club de los poetas violentos"** that would later be called CPV. One of the fathers of rap in Spain was the Chojin. To explain the beginnings of rap in Spain, how it starts, when it was, and how it was, Chojin and Nach Scratch wrote a song about the birth of rap in the Peninsula and its presentation in society. His title is: //"Hemos creado un mounstruo".//

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In the late 90's, new groups appeared that would become the beginning of the so called **"New School"**. “Violadores del Verso”might fit this new style, a group that emerged from record tapes and placed on the ladder to Zaragoza. Another Mc that emerged in those years was **Nach Scratch**, who also started from the recording tapes. His style focuses on social criticism, For that reason he wrote a song called "Manifesto":

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At that time, when rap began to emerge, new well known groups appeared that continue until now as SFDK: Tote King, Falsalarma, Morodo, La excepcion, Zenit or Magnatiz. Today, rap is at its peak, attracting the attention of various media such as radio, Internet or TV.








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<span style="-moz-background-clip: border; -moz-background-inline-policy: continuous; -moz-background-origin: padding; background: white none repeat scroll 0% 0%; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> The term “graffiti” comes from the Italian: “graffiare” or “garabatear”. Graffiti is called to several forms of inscriptions or painting, generally on urban furniture. The so called graffiti, is a specific type of painting. =====

Writing on walls is one of the four elements of the hip-hop culture, where graph or graffiti is an impulse as old as the rational signs of humans. Macedonians, Greeks and ancient Egyptians, with their indecipherable hieroglyphs, already used this surface (walls) like support of their writing and art. But, perhaps the most significant and, at the same time, oldest example of graffiti is the painting on wall caves made by our ancestors. The representation of animals, hunting scenes, etc……. did not have another objective that the satisfaction of the most ancestral instinct of humans: communication. At the end of the sixties the teenagers in New York began writing their names on their district walls, although in fact, they used pseudonymous, thus creating an own identity in the street. These boys used to write for friends or enemies. Maybe the most significant example known by all was Taki 183, a Greek boy who began to use his nickname at the age of 17. It’s known that the first instrument to draw in the subway wagons were paintings and brushes until the discovery of the spray. Then, other techniques appeared. Graffiti is a form of artistic expression of a urban life style. Its most direct influences have been **Rap** and **Break Dance**.


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